Disaster Management Cycle

Disaster Prep aredness and Management Assignment No. 1 pic Submitted to Sir Muhammad Akmal khan Submitted by Tayyab Hasnain Janjua Reg 14DD-410004 D. DRM Second Quarter Fall 2010 Disaster Management speech rhythm Disaster Risk Management includes sum total of all activities, programmes and measures which poop be taken up before, during and afterwards a catastrophe with the excogitation to revoke a casualty, reduce its impact or recover from its losses. The triple key stages of activities that are taken up within cataclysm danger management are as follows picINITIATIVES TAKEN pic Figure 1. Three phases of cataclysm management turn 1. Pre Disaster Phase Before a contingency (pre-disaster). Pre-disaster activities those which are taken to reduce human and property losses caused by a potential hazard. For example, carrying out awareness campaigns, strengthening the existing worn down structures, planning of the disaster management plans at household and society level, etc. Such risk reduction measures taken under this stage are bounded as mitigation and preparedness activities. 2. During disaster PhaseDuring a disaster (disaster occurrence). These include initiatives taken to ensure that the needs and provisions of victims are met and execrable is minimized. Activities taken under this stage are called emergency response activities. 3. set disaster Phase After a disaster (post-disaster). There are initiatives taken in response to a disaster with a innovation to carry out early recovery and rehabilitation of affected communities, immediately after a disaster strikes. These are called as response and recovery activities. billThe Disaster risk management one shot diagram (DRMC) highlights the range of initiatives which commonly occur during both the Emergency response and convalescence stages of a disaster. rough of these cut across both stages (such things as coordination and the provision of ongoing assistance) whilst separate activit ies are unique to each stage (e. g. Early Warning and voiding during Emergency reaction and Reconstruction and Economic and 48 Social convalescence as part of Recovery). The DRMC also highlights the role of the media, where there is a grueling relationship mingled with this and funding opportunities.This diagram works best for comparatively sudden-onset disasters, such as floods, temblors, bushfires, tsunamis, cyclones etc, further is less reflective of slow-onset disasters, such as drought, where there is no obviously recognizable single unconstipatedt which triggers the stool into the Emergency Response stage. According to Warfield (2008) disaster management aims to reduce, or avoid the potential losses from hazards, assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster, and achieve rapid and effective recovery.The disaster management cycle illustrates the ongoing transition by which governments, businesses, and civil society plan for and reduce the impact of dis asters, reply during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred. Appropriate actions at all points in the cycle lead to greater preparedness, better warnings, reduced vulnerability or the taproom of disasters during the next iteration of the cycle.The complete disaster management cycle includes the establishment of common policies and plans that either modify the causes of disasters or mitigate their effects on people, property, and infrastructure. The mitigation and preparedness phases occur as disaster management improvements are made in anticipation of a disaster event. Developmental considerations map a key role in contri plainlying to the mitigation and preparation of a community to effectively confront a disaster. As a disaster occurs, disaster management actors, in particular humanitarian organizations get involved in the immediate response and long-term recovery phases.The four-spot disaster management phases illustra ted here do not always, or even generally, occur in closing off or in this precise order. ofttimes phases of the cycle overlap and the length of each phase greatly depends on the severity of the disaster. ? Mitigation Minimizing the effects of disaster. Examples building codes and zoning vulnerability analyses public education. ? Preparedness Planning how to respond. Examples preparedness plans emergency exercises/training warning systems. ? Response Efforts to minimize the hazards created by a disaster.Examples search and rescue emergency relief. ? Recovery Returning the community to normal. Examples temporary housing grants medical care. To analyze the range of mountains of disaster management in the revised context, it should be studied the cycle of the phenomenon (Figure 2). Disasters are as old as human history but the dramatic append and the damage caused by them in the recent onetime(prenominal) reserve become a cause of national and international concern. all over the past ten-spot, the number of natural and manmade disasters has climbed inexorably.From 1994 to 1998, reported disasters mean(a) was 428 per year but from 1999 to 2003, this figure went up to an average of 707 disaster events per year. Figure 3 presents the deadliest disasters of the decade (1992-2001). Figure 3. Reported Deaths from all Disasters World Scenario (1992-2001) Drought and famine have proved to be the deadliest disasters globally (45%), followed by floods (16%), technological disaster (14%), earthquake (12%), windstorm (10%), extreme temperature and others (3%).Global economic loss related to disaster events average around US $880 billion per year (CBSE, 2006). Conclusions There has been a dramatic increase in disasters and the damages caused by them in the recent past. everywhere the past decade, the number of natural and manmade disasters has climbed inexorably. Accordingly to the statistics, the number of disasters per year change magnitude with 60% in the per iod 1999-2001 in comparison with the previous period, 1994 -1998. The highest increase was in the countries of low human development, which registered an increase of 142%.In these countries, the responsible institutions should bump an important role but, in general, the disaster management policy responses are influenced by methods and tools for cost-effective and sustainable interventions. There are no long-term, comprehensive and coherent institutional arrangements to address disaster issues with a long term vision. Disasters are viewed in isolation from the processes of mainstream development and poverty alleviation planning. For example, disaster management, development planning and environmental management institutions operate in isolation and integrated planning between these sectors is almost lacking.Absence of a profound authority for integrated disaster management and lack of coordination within and between disaster related organizations is responsible for effective and efficient disaster management. State-level disaster preparedness and mitigation measures are heavily tilted towards structural aspects and debauch nonstructural elements such as the knowledge and capacities of local people, and the related life protection issues. In conclusion, with a greater capacity of the individual/community and environment to face the disasters, the impact of a hazard would be reduced. &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 DURING 2